How Were Men Saved Before Calvary's Cross?

 

        When we studied why Jesus came into the world (lesson 5), we learned that Jesus Christ is the only way of Salvation.  The Bible plainly and consistently sets this forth.  "I am the way, the truth, and the life; no man cometh unto the Father, but by me."  "Neither is there salvation in any other; for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved."  "This is the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world." (John 14:6, Acts 4:12, John 1:29).


        This strong Bible emphasis upon Salvation through Jesus Christ alone makes one ask: "What about the people in the ages before the cross?  How could they be saved by Jesus Christ, when he had not yet died?  How could they know anything about Calvary and its meaning?" 


         In the centuries before Jesus came, God devised a wonderful method of teaching in advance the way of salvation through a sinless Redeemer.  it was an acted, or dramatized prophecy, that illustrated the saving work of Christ. 


        It began with Abel's simple altar of sacrifice at the gate of Eden (Genesis 4:4, Hebrews 11:4), and was at length expanded into a solemn and instructive ritual, instituted at the time of Moses (Exodus 25:8,9).

 

        In this lesson we will study how the way of Salvation was taught from day to day in God's Old Testament "School of Redemption".


 

THE GOSPEL ILLUSTRATED


1.  When God freed the children of Israel from slavery in Egypt, he wanted them to know him.  What kind of relationship did Moses have with God? 

Exodus 33:11


2.  When God tried to speak to the people, what did they ask for? 

Exodus 20:19

Note: In the beginning, Adam and God spoke face to face, just as he spoke with His friend, Moses.  Sin made a change in man, not God.  Man became afraid of God.


3.  What did God tell Moses to do, so that the people could still get to know him? 

Exodus 25:8

Note: God wanted to be close to his people, and for them to get to know him.  In the Tabernacle (also known as the “Sanctuary” and later, the Temple) and its services, they could learn about God.


4.   How would Moses know how to build this Tabernacle? 

Exodus 25:40


5.  Where is the original Tabernacle that God used for his pattern? 

Hebrews 9:23, 8:1-5

Note: The original Tabernacle is Christ himself and his work for us in Heaven. 


6.  What did Paul call the Tabernacle and it's services?

Hebrews 9:24

Note: He called them "copies" of the true.  It is the plan of salvation illustrated.  In some respects it is like a picture.  A man may show it to you and say, "This is my wife."  But is it really?  No, it is only a picture!  He may treasure the picture, but it cannot replace his wife. 

 

        The Jewish nation hung on to the "picture", but rejected the One to whom it pointed forward—Jesus Christ and his ministry. 


7.  Why is it important to understand the Tabernacle?

Exodus 25:8

 cf. Matthew 1:22

John 2:19-21

(Psalm 77:13)

Note: God told Moses to build a Tabernacle so that he could live with us.  In Isaiah, we are told that one of Christ's names is Emmanuel, or "God with us".  Jesus himself referred to himself as God's temple, or Tabernacle. 

          Since Jesus came to be God with us, he is the Tabernacle (Isaiah 8:13,14).  God's ways, or his plans for the salvation of man, were revealed in the Tabernacle temporarily until Jesus, the full revelation, came.  Read Hebrews 1:1-3.



THE TABERNACLE AND ITS SERVICES


        The entire Tabernacle and everything in it represented Jesus and his work for us. (For a detailed description of the Tabernacle, read Exodus chapters 25-40.)


a) Around the entire Tabernacle and its courtyard,  there was a linen fence.  This pure, white linen represented the purity of Jesus and his motives for doing what he does for us.  Revelation 19:8


b) There was only one doorway into the Tabernacle.  This represented Christ, Who is the only way we can get to know God.  John 10:9, John 14:6


c)  Each door had three colours: red, blue, and purple.  Blue represents the righteousness of the Law (God's character).  Red is a symbol of self-sacrificing love, as shown in the life and sacrifice of Christ (the blood of sacrifice).  There was a need not only for blue, but red right along with it.  Unless you have the red (self-sacrificing love), you not will have any true power or even the ability to truly keep the law (blue).  You can determine and try with all your might, but unless you have the both, you will never have the victory (purple) and truly keep the law.

 

          If you mix red and blue, you get purple.  This is the colour of kings, royalty.  God wants to make us kings and priests.  Kings, because he wants to bring us into his royal family (this is the line of David—those who have Christ's character).  Priests, because only the priests could enter the Tabernacle.  (The only difference between the priests and the common people was that the priests were sanctified and dedicated to serving God and righteousness.)


d) As you entered the courtyard, the first thing you would see was the altar of sacrifice—this represented Christ's sacrifice—he gave everything he could, only to be rejected.  Hebrews 13:10-13, Hebrews 12:1,2


e) There was also a large bowl or laver in the courtyard, to wash one's hands and feet.  This represented how Christ cleanses us.  Ephesians 5:26

 

          Once inside the Tabernacle, in the first apartment, called the Holy Place, there were several pieces of furniture, which also represented Christ.


f) There was a 7 branch candlestick.  The lights represented Jesus, the light of the world—John 9:5, and also his Word—Psalm 119:105.  The oil in the candlestick represented the Holy Spirit and his work—Zechariah 4:1-6, Revelation 4:5


g) There was also a table with bread on it—this represented Jesus, the bread of life, and his Word. Corinthians 11:23,24, John 6:51


h) There was also a small altar that burned only incense.  This represented how Jesus prays for us.  Romans 8:34, Psalm 14:2, Hebrews 7:25, Revelation 5:8 and 8:3,4.

 

         A thick veil divided the first apartment from the second apartment, which was called the Most Holy Place. 


i) In the Most Holy Place, there was only one piece of furniture, a wooden box overlaid with pure gold and covered with a lid which had two golden angels upon it. It was called the Ark of the Covenant.  Within this box were kept the Ten Commandments written by God's finger on the Tables of stone.  The Law, we have learned, represents God's character.


j) There was a cover on this chest.  On it were carved two angels of gold.  Here, between the angels, dwelt the presence of God.   These two angels' names were Lucifer, or Light Bearer, the Daystar.  Both angels were close to God.  Both knew what was under the lid—both knew God's character.  And both went out telling everyone the good news about God. 


       Until that day when one of them began to tell lies about God, and became known as Satan, or Adversary. Thus the Ark takes us back to the beginning of the Great Controversy, when Satan made his accusations against God's character. 


k) Into the curtain walls and ceiling were woven angels in gold.   This showed how all of God's family was present and is watching the Great Controversy.  Daniel 7:9-10, Job 1:6-8, 2:1-2

          God did not simply deny the accusations. He allowed time for demonstration of both sides. Although he had many things that he wanted to tell us about himself, but he couldn't, because we were not able to understand because of our fear.  (John 16:12)

          When God wanted to have a relationship with us and speak with us, we were afraid of him, and asked for someone in between (Exodus 20:19).   So Jesus, veiled in human flesh so as not to overwhelm us, came as that Person in between, to explain the issue.

          In the Ark, the lid (which we requested—something in between God and ourselves, our fears) covered God's Law.  It obscured, or veiled the issue at hand, which was God's character (the law).

          The lid prevented us from seeing the truth about God (2 Corinthians 3:14-16, 2 Corinthians 4:3-4).   But Jesus, the Light Bearer, brought us a clear understanding of what was in the box—the Law, God's character. 


 

THE TABERNACLE SERVICES


        When a person sinned, he brought a sacrificial animal to the priest.  He would confess his sins over the head of the animal, then slay it with his own hands. The priest would then sprinkle some of the blood on the horns of the altar, and eat a portion of its flesh.  Sin was thus symbolically transferred from the sinner to the animal and then to the Tabernacle. 


        Christ was represented both by the LAMB that died to remove sin (John 1:29), and also by the PRIEST who lives as our Intercessor in Heaven.


8.   How did the Tabernacle sacrifices take away sins?

Hebrews 10:4,5

Note: They didn't.  Those who trusted the sacrifices alone, were lost.  The sacrificial system was designed to develop and show one's faith in the coming Messiah.


9.  What significant event happened in the earthly Tabernacle, a temple, when Jesus died? 

Mark 15:37,38

Note: The temple veil (as thick as the palm of your hand) was torn in two from top to bottom by unseen hands, and the Most Holy Place was thrown open to view.  No one but the High Priest ever saw inside the Most Holy Place, and he saw it only once a year, on the Day of Atonement.  God wanted us all to see what was in the Most Holy Place.  He personally removed the veil that blocked our view of the truth about himself. 


        This event happened at the moment Jesus died; Jesus' death was the ultimate demonstration about God.  At his death, God revealed himself as being open and approachable by all, not just a priest. 


        The earthly Tabernacle services had came to an end with Jesus' death.  He is the true Passover (I  Corinthians 5:7, Revelation 5:6-14) to which the sacrificial system pointed, and when he demonstrated his unconditional love and openness on the cross, there was no need for the services to call attention to this future event.  (The law of sacrifices was to last only until Jesus' death, Hebrews 10:1-10)


 

JESUS, OUR HIGH PRIEST


10. What was the earthly Tabernacle?  

Hebrews 9:9a


11. What did it symbolize?  

Hebrews 9:9-12

Note: Paul talked about our bodies being our tabernacles, or tents (2 Corinthians 5:1,4).  The Tabernacle, then, represented Jesus himself, the Person.  The services told us a little about Jesus and what he would do for us when he came.


 

CONCLUSION


        "Seeing then that we have a great High Priest- Jesus, the Son of God, let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of Grace, that we may obtain mercy, and find grace to help in time of need."  Hebrews 4:14,15

 

        There was no virtue in the blood of a lamb to atone for sin.  Before Jesus came and made us his friends, we were afraid of God. 

 

        God tried in various different ways to reach us before Jesus came (Hebrews 1:1).  One of these ways was in the services of the Tabernacle, which explained how Jesus would come to demonstrate the truth about how there was no need to be afraid of our Friend, God.  The people were supposed to go in with the priest (symbolically) to the Most Holy Place on the Day of Atonement, to learn the truth about "the box" and its contents—God's character. 

 

        On the cross, Jesus hung bare to the world.  He demonstrated that there was no need to be afraid of God. Only through understanding this would we be atoned, or made "at one" with God again.  They looked forward to the cross as we look backward to it, seeing the righteousness and love of God.

 

        There were two angels at the Ark, or throne of God.  Each had seen what was in the box; each went out telling his version.  Jesus demonstrated by his actions that God is 100% sincere and that there is no need to be afraid of him.  Do you believe Satan's version about God, or Jesus' version? 

 

My response to Christ is:______________________________